Lymphatic System — Checklist 淋巴系統 (línbā xìtǒng)

Organisation: Anatomical first, functional second. Reference: See lymphatic-system-reference.md for functional descriptions, hormone details, and clinical notes.

1. Thymus — 胸腺 (xiōngxiàn)

1.1 Gross Structure — 大體結構 (dàtǐ jiégòu)

• Right lobe — 右葉 (yòu yè)
• Left lobe — 左葉 (zuǒ yè)
• Thymic capsule — 胸腺被膜 (xiōngxiàn bèimó)
• Interlobular septa — 小葉間隔 (xiǎoyè jiāngé)
• Corticomedullary junction — 皮髓質交界 (pí suǐzhì jiāojiè)

1.2 Cortex — 皮質 (pízhì)

• Thymocytes (immature T-cells) — 胸腺細胞（未成熟T細胞）(xiōngxiàn xìbāo (wèi chéngshú T xìbāo))
• Cortical epithelial cells (nurse cells) — 皮質上皮細胞（護理細胞）(pízhì shàngpí xìbāo (hùlǐ xìbāo))
• Macrophages — 巨噬細胞 (jùshì xìbāo)

1.3 Medulla — 髓質 (suǐzhì)

• Hassall’s corpuscles — 哈索爾小體 (hāsuǒěr xiǎotǐ)
• Medullary epithelial cells (AIRE-expressing) — 髓質上皮細胞（AIRE表達）(suǐzhì shàngpí xìbāo (AIRE biǎodá))
• Mature T-cells (single-positive CD4+ or CD8+) — 成熟T細胞（單陽性）(chéngshú T xìbāo (dān yángxìng))
• Dendritic cells — 樹突細胞 (shùtū xìbāo)

2. Bone Marrow — 骨髓 (gǔsuǐ)

2.1 Red Marrow (Haematopoietic) — 紅骨髓（造血性）(hóng gǔsuǐ (zàoxuèxìng))

• Haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) — 造血幹細胞 (zàoxuè gànxìbāo)
• Common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs) — 共同淋巴前驅細胞 (gòngtóng línbā qiánqū xìbāo)
• B-cell precursors (pro-B, pre-B, immature B) — B細胞前驅（原B、前B、未成熟B）(B xìbāo qiánqū (yuán B, qián B, wèi chéngshú B))
• NK cell precursors — 自然殺手細胞前驅 (zìrán shāshǒu xìbāo qiánqū)
• Stromal cells (reticular cells, adipocytes, endothelial cells) — 基質細胞（網狀細胞、脂肪細胞、內皮細胞）(jīzhì xìbāo (wǎngzhuàng xìbāo, zhīfáng xìbāo, nèipí xìbāo))
• Sinusoidal capillaries — 竇狀毛細血管 (dòuzhuàng máoxì xuèguǎn)

2.2 Yellow Marrow (Adipose-Dominant) — 黃骨髓（脂肪為主）(huáng gǔsuǐ (zhīfáng wéi zhǔ))

• Fatty replacement tissue — 脂肪替代組織 (zhīfáng tìdài zǔzhī)
• Reconversion capacity under haematopoietic stress — 造血應激下的再轉化能力 (zàoxuè yìngjī xià de zài zhuǎnhuà nénglì)

2.3 Key Anatomical Sites — 主要解剖位置 (zhǔyào jiěpōu wèizhì)

• Sternum — 胸骨 (xiōnggǔ)
• Iliac crest — 髂嵴 (qiàjí)
• Vertebral bodies — 椎體 (zhuītǐ)
• Proximal femur/humerus — 股骨／肱骨近端 (gǔgǔ / gōnggǔ jìnduān)
• Ribs — 肋骨 (lèigǔ)
• Skull (diploe) — 顱骨（板障）(lúgǔ (bǎnzhàng))

3. Spleen — 脾臟 (pízàng)

3.1 White Pulp — 白髓 (báisuǐ)

• Periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (PALS) — 動脈周圍淋巴鞘（T細胞區）(dòngmài zhōuwéi línbā qiào (T xìbāo qū))
• Lymphoid follicles — 淋巴濾泡（B細胞區）(línbā lǜpào (B xìbāo qū))
  • Primary follicles — 初級濾泡 (chūjí lǜpào)
  • Secondary follicles (germinal centres) — 次級濾泡（生發中心）(cìjí lǜpào (shēngfā zhōngxīn))
    • Dark zone (centroblasts) — 暗區（中心母細胞）(ànqū (zhōngxīn mǔxìbāo))
    • Light zone (centrocytes) — 明區（中心細胞）(míngqū (zhōngxīn xìbāo))
    • Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) — 濾泡樹突細胞 (lǜpào shùtū xìbāo)
    • Tingible body macrophages — 可染體巨噬細胞 (kěrǎntǐ jùshì xìbāo)
• Marginal zone — 邊緣區 (biānyuánqū)
  • Marginal zone B-cells — 邊緣區B細胞 (biānyuánqū B xìbāo)
  • Marginal zone macrophages — 邊緣區巨噬細胞 (biānyuánqū jùshì xìbāo)
  • Marginal metallophilic macrophages — 邊緣嗜金屬巨噬細胞 (biānyuán shì jīnshǔ jùshì xìbāo)

3.2 Red Pulp — 紅髓 (hóngsuǐ)

• Splenic cords (cords of Billroth) — 脾索（比爾羅特索）(písǔo (bǐěrluótè suǒ))
• Splenic sinusoids — 脾竇 (pídòu)
• Littoral cells — 竇岸細胞 (dòu’àn xìbāo)
• Red pulp macrophages — 紅髓巨噬細胞 (hóngsuǐ jùshì xìbāo)

3.3 Structural Framework — 結構框架 (jiégòu kuàngjià)

• Splenic capsule — 脾被膜 (pí bèimó)
• Trabeculae — 小梁 (xiǎoliáng)
• Splenic hilum — 脾門 (pímén)

3.4 Vasculature — 血管系統 (xuèguǎn xìtǒng)

• Splenic artery → trabecular arteries → central arteries → penicillar arterioles → splenic sinusoids — 脾動脈→小梁動脈→中央動脈→筆毛動脈→脾竇 (pí dòngmài → xiǎoliáng dòngmài → zhōngyāng dòngmài → bǐmáo dòngmài → pídòu)

4. Mucosal & Diffuse Lymphoid Tissue (MALT) — 黏膜及瀰漫性淋巴組織 (niánmó jí mímànxìng línbā zǔzhī)

4.1 Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GALT) — 腸相關淋巴組織 (cháng xiāngguān línbā zǔzhī)

4.1.1 Organised GALT — 有組織腸相關淋巴組織 (yǒu zǔzhī cháng xiāngguān línbā zǔzhī)

• Peyer’s patches — 培氏斑 (péishì bān)
  • Dome epithelium with M-cells — 穹頂上皮（微皺褶細胞）(qióngdǐng shàngpí (wēi zhòuzhě xìbāo))
  • Subepithelial dome (SED) — 上皮下穹頂 (shàngpí xià qióngdǐng)
  • B-cell follicles with germinal centres — B細胞濾泡（含生發中心）(B xìbāo lǜpào (hán shēngfā zhōngxīn))
  • Interfollicular T-cell zones — 濾泡間T細胞區 (lǜpào jiān T xìbāo qū)
• Isolated lymphoid follicles (ILFs) — 孤立淋巴濾泡 (gūlì línbā lǜpào)
• Appendix (lymphoid aggregates) — 闌尾（淋巴聚集體）(lánwěi (línbā jùjítǐ))

4.1.2 Diffuse GALT — 瀰漫性腸相關淋巴組織 (mímànxìng cháng xiāngguān línbā zǔzhī)

• Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) — 上皮內淋巴細胞 (shàngpí nèi línbā xìbāo)
• Lamina propria lymphocytes — 固有層淋巴細胞 (gùyǒucéng línbā xìbāo)
• Cryptopatches — 隱窩斑 (yǐnwō bān)

4.1.3 Associated Lymph Nodes — 相關淋巴結 (xiāngguān línbā jié)

• Mesenteric lymph nodes — 腸繫膜淋巴結 (cháng xìmó línbā jié)

4.2 Bronchus-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (BALT) — 支氣管相關淋巴組織 (zhīqìguǎn xiāngguān línbā zǔzhī)

• Bronchial lymphoid follicles — 支氣管淋巴濾泡 (zhīqìguǎn línbā lǜpào)
• Inducible BALT (iBALT) — 誘導性支氣管相關淋巴組織 (yòudǎoxìng zhīqìguǎn xiāngguān línbā zǔzhī)
• Bronchial intraepithelial lymphocytes — 支氣管上皮內淋巴細胞 (zhīqìguǎn shàngpí nèi línbā xìbāo)

4.3 Nasopharynx-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (NALT) — 鼻咽相關淋巴組織 (bíyān xiāngguān línbā zǔzhī)

4.3.1 Waldeyer’s Tonsillar Ring — 瓦爾代爾扁桃體環 (wǎěrdàiěr biǎntáotǐ huán)

• Palatine tonsils (paired) — 腭扁桃體（成對）(è biǎntáotǐ (chéngduì))
  • Tonsillar crypts — 扁桃體隱窩 (biǎntáotǐ yǐnwō)
  • Germinal centres — 生發中心 (shēngfā zhōngxīn)
  • Stratified squamous epithelium — 複層鱗狀上皮 (fùcéng línzhuàng shàngpí)
• Pharyngeal tonsil (adenoid) — 咽扁桃體（腺樣體）(yān biǎntáotǐ (xiànyàngtǐ))
• Lingual tonsils — 舌扁桃體 (shé biǎntáotǐ)
• Tubal tonsils (paired) — 咽鼓管扁桃體（成對）(yāngǔguǎn biǎntáotǐ (chéngduì))

4.3.2 Nasal Lymphoid Tissue — 鼻淋巴組織 (bí línbā zǔzhī)

• Nasal-associated lymphoid tissue — 鼻相關淋巴組織 (bí xiāngguān línbā zǔzhī)

4.4 Skin-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (SALT) — 皮膚相關淋巴組織 (pífū xiāngguān línbā zǔzhī)

• Langerhans cells (epidermis) — 朗格漢斯細胞（表皮）(lǎnggéhànsī xìbāo (biǎopí))
• Dermal dendritic cells — 真皮樹突細胞 (zhēnpí shùtū xìbāo)
• Skin-homing T-cells (CLA+) — 皮膚歸巢T細胞 (pífū guīcháo T xìbāo)
• Draining cutaneous lymph nodes — 引流皮膚淋巴結 (yǐnliú pífū línbā jié)

4.5 Other MALT — 其他黏膜相關淋巴組織 (qítā niánmó xiāngguān línbā zǔzhī)

• Conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue (CALT) — 結膜相關淋巴組織 (jiémó xiāngguān línbā zǔzhī)
• Lacrimal drainage-associated lymphoid tissue (LDALT) — 淚道相關淋巴組織 (lèidào xiāngguān línbā zǔzhī)
• Salivary gland-associated lymphoid tissue — 唾液腺相關淋巴組織 (tuòyèxiàn xiāngguān línbā zǔzhī)
• Vulvovaginal-associated lymphoid tissue — 外陰陰道相關淋巴組織 (wàiyīn yīndào xiāngguān línbā zǔzhī)
• Urogenital-associated lymphoid tissue — 泌尿生殖相關淋巴組織 (mìniào shēngzhí xiāngguān línbā zǔzhī)

5. Lymphatic Vasculature & Circulation — 淋巴管系統與循環 (línbā guǎn xìtǒng yǔ xúnhuán)

5.1 Initial Lymphatics (Lymphatic Capillaries) — 初始淋巴管（淋巴毛細管）(chūshǐ línbā guǎn (línbā máoxì guǎn))

• Blind-ended endothelial tubes — 盲端內皮管 (mángduān nèipí guǎn)
• Anchoring filaments — 錨定絲 (máodìng sī)
• Overlapping endothelial flaps (primary valves) — 重疊內皮瓣（初級瓣膜）(chóngdié nèipí bàn (chūjí bànmó))
• Discontinuous basement membrane — 不連續基底膜 (bù liánxù jīdǐmó)
• Oak-leaf shaped endothelial cells — 橡葉形內皮細胞 (xiàngyè xíng nèipí xìbāo)
• Button-like junctions — 鈕扣狀連接 (niǔkòu zhuàng liánjiē)

5.2 Pre-collecting Vessels — 前集合管 (qián jíhé guǎn)

• Scattered smooth muscle cells — 散在平滑肌細胞 (sànzài pínghuájī xìbāo)
• Intraluminal valves (first appearance) — 管腔內瓣膜（首次出現）(guǎnqiāng nèi bànmó (shǒucì chūxiàn))

5.3 Collecting Lymphatic Vessels — 集合淋巴管 (jíhé línbā guǎn)

• Wall layers: — 管壁層次 (guǎnbì céngcì):
  • Intima (endothelium + basement membrane) — 內膜（內皮＋基底膜）(nèimó (nèipí + jīdǐmó))
  • Media (smooth muscle) — 中膜（平滑肌）(zhōngmó (pínghuájī))
  • Adventitia (connective tissue) — 外膜（結締組織）(wàimó (jiédì zǔzhī))
• Lymphangions (contractile units) — 淋巴管節（收縮單位）(línbā guǎnjié (shōusuō dānwèi))
• Bicuspid intraluminal valves — 雙尖管腔內瓣膜 (shuāngjiān guǎnqiāng nèi bànmó)
• Vasa vasorum — 管壁滋養血管 (guǎnbì zīyǎng xuèguǎn)
• Autonomic nerve supply — 自主神經供應 (zìzhǔ shénjīng gōngyìng)

5.4 Lymphatic Trunks — 淋巴幹 (línbā gàn)

• Jugular trunks (paired) — 頸淋巴幹（成對）(jǐng línbā gàn (chéngduì))
• Subclavian trunks (paired) — 鎖骨下淋巴幹（成對）(suǒgǔ xià línbā gàn (chéngduì))
• Bronchomediastinal trunks (paired) — 支氣管縱隔淋巴幹（成對）(zhīqìguǎn zònggé línbā gàn (chéngduì))
• Lumbar trunks (paired) — 腰淋巴幹（成對）(yāo línbā gàn (chéngduì))
• Intestinal trunk(s) — 腸淋巴幹 (cháng línbā gàn)
• Descending intercostal trunks — 下行肋間淋巴幹 (xiàxíng lèijiān línbā gàn)

5.5 Lymphatic Ducts — 淋巴導管 (línbā dǎoguǎn)

5.5.1 Thoracic Duct — 胸導管 (xiōng dǎoguǎn)

• Cisterna chyli (L1-L2) — 乳糜池 (rǔmí chí)
• Abdominal segment — 腹段 (fùduàn)
• Thoracic segment — 胸段 (xiōngduàn)
• Cervical segment (arch at C7-T1) — 頸段（弓於C7-T1）(jǐngduàn (gōng yú C7-T1))
• Termination: left venous angle — 終止：左靜脈角 (zhōngzhǐ: zuǒ jìngmài jiǎo)
• Drains ~75% of body — 引流約75%體液 (yǐnliú yuē 75% tǐyè)

5.5.2 Right Lymphatic Duct — 右淋巴導管 (yòu línbā dǎoguǎn)

• Termination: right venous angle — 終止：右靜脈角 (zhōngzhǐ: yòu jìngmài jiǎo)
• Drains ~25% of body — 引流約25%體液 (yǐnliú yuē 25% tǐyè)

5.6 Lymph (Fluid) — 淋巴液 (línbā yè)

5.6.1 Composition — 組成 (zǔchéng)

• Interstitial fluid — 組織間液 (zǔzhī jiānyè)
• Lymphocytes — 淋巴細胞 (línbā xìbāo)
• Macrophages and dendritic cells — 巨噬細胞與樹突細胞 (jùshì xìbāo yǔ shùtū xìbāo)
• Proteins (albumin, globulins, fibrinogen) — 蛋白質（白蛋白、球蛋白、纖維蛋白原）(dànbáizhì (bái dànbái, qiú dànbái, xiānwéi dànbái yuán))
• Lipids (chylomicrons) — 脂質（乳糜微粒）(zhīzhì (rǔmí wēilì))
• Electrolytes — 電解質 (diànjiězhì)
• Waste products and cellular debris — 代謝廢物與細胞碎片 (dàixiè fèiwù yǔ xìbāo suìpiàn)
• Antigens and immune complexes — 抗原與免疫複合物 (kàngyuán yǔ miǎnyì fùhéwù)

5.6.2 Special Forms — 特殊形式 (tèshū xíngshì)

• Chyle (lipid-rich, from lacteals) — 乳糜（富含脂質，來自乳糜管）(rǔmí (fùhán zhīzhì, láizì rǔmí guǎn))
• Aqueous humour drainage (Schlemm’s canal) — 房水引流（許萊姆管）(fángshuǐ yǐnliú (xǔláimǔ guǎn))
• Cerebrospinal fluid (glymphatic drainage) — 腦脊液（類淋巴引流）(nǎojǐyè (lèi línbā yǐnliú))

5.7 Lymphovenous Return — 淋巴靜脈回流 (línbā jìngmài huíliú)

• Thoracic duct → left venous angle — 胸導管→左靜脈角 (xiōng dǎoguǎn → zuǒ jìngmài jiǎo)
• Right lymphatic duct → right venous angle — 右淋巴導管→右靜脈角 (yòu línbā dǎoguǎn → yòu jìngmài jiǎo)
• Peripheral lymphovenous communications — 周邊淋巴靜脈交通 (zhōubiān línbā jìngmài jiāotōng)

6. Regional Lymph Nodes — 區域淋巴結 (qūyù línbā jié)

6.1 Lymph Node Structure — 淋巴結結構 (línbā jié jiégòu)

6.1.1 Cortex (B-cell Zone) — 皮質（B細胞區）(pízhì (B xìbāo qū))

• Subcapsular sinus — 被膜下竇 (bèimó xià dòu)
• Cortical sinuses — 皮質竇 (pízhì dòu)
• B-cell follicles — B細胞濾泡 (B xìbāo lǜpào)
  • Primary follicles — 初級濾泡 (chūjí lǜpào)
  • Secondary follicles (germinal centres) — 次級濾泡（生發中心）(cìjí lǜpào (shēngfā zhōngxīn))
• Follicular dendritic cells — 濾泡樹突細胞 (lǜpào shùtū xìbāo)

6.1.2 Paracortex (T-cell Zone) — 副皮質（T細胞區）(fù pízhì (T xìbāo qū))

• T-cell zone — T細胞區 (T xìbāo qū)
• High endothelial venules (HEVs) — 高內皮微靜脈 (gāo nèipí wēi jìngmài)
• Interdigitating dendritic cells — 指突樹突細胞 (zhǐtū shùtū xìbāo)

6.1.3 Medulla — 髓質 (suǐzhì)

• Medullary cords (plasma cells, macrophages) — 髓索（漿細胞、巨噬細胞）(suǐsuǒ (jiāng xìbāo, jùshì xìbāo))
• Medullary sinuses — 髓竇 (suǐdòu)

6.1.4 Structural & Circulatory Framework — 結構與循環框架 (jiégòu yǔ xúnhuán kuàngjià)

• Capsule — 被膜 (bèimó)
• Afferent lymphatics — 輸入淋巴管 (shūrù línbā guǎn)
• Efferent lymphatics — 輸出淋巴管 (shūchū línbā guǎn)
• Hilum — 門 (mén)
• Reticular network (FRCs) — 網狀纖維網絡（纖維母細胞性網狀細胞）(wǎngzhuàng xiānwéi wǎngluò (xiānwéi mǔxìbāo xìng wǎngzhuàng xìbāo))

6.2 Head & Neck — 頭頸部 (tóu jǐng bù)

• Occipital nodes — 枕淋巴結 (zhěn línbā jié)
• Retroauricular (mastoid) nodes — 耳後（乳突）淋巴結 (ěrhòu (rǔtū) línbā jié)
• Preauricular (parotid) nodes — 耳前（腮腺）淋巴結 (ěrqián (sāixiàn) línbā jié)
• Submandibular nodes — 頜下淋巴結 (héxià línbā jié)
• Submental nodes — 頦下淋巴結 (kēxià línbā jié)
• Superficial cervical nodes — 頸淺淋巴結 (jǐng qiǎn línbā jié)
  • Anterior cervical chain — 頸前鏈 (jǐng qián liàn)
  • Posterior cervical chain — 頸後鏈 (jǐng hòu liàn)
• Deep cervical nodes — 頸深淋巴結 (jǐng shēn línbā jié)
  • Superior deep cervical (jugulodigastric) — 頸深上（頸靜脈二腹肌淋巴結）(jǐng shēn shàng (jǐng jìngmài èr fùjī línbā jié))
  • Inferior deep cervical (Virchow’s node — left) — 頸深下（魏爾嘯淋巴結——左側）(jǐng shēn xià (wèiěrxiào línbā jié — zuǒcè))
• Supraclavicular nodes — 鎖骨上淋巴結 (suǒgǔ shàng línbā jié)
• Retropharyngeal nodes — 咽後淋巴結 (yānhòu línbā jié)
• Pretracheal and paratracheal nodes — 氣管前及氣管旁淋巴結 (qìguǎn qián jí qìguǎn páng línbā jié)

6.3 Upper Limb — 上肢 (shàngzhī)

• Epitrochlear (cubital) nodes — 滑車上（肘）淋巴結 (huáchē shàng (zhǒu) línbā jié)
• Axillary nodes: — 腋淋巴結 (yè línbā jié):
  • Pectoral (anterior) — Level I — 胸肌（前）群——第I級 (xiōngjī (qián) qún — dì I jí)
  • Subscapular (posterior) — Level I — 肩胛下（後）群——第I級 (jiānjiǎ xià (hòu) qún — dì I jí)
  • Lateral (humeral) — Level I — 外側（肱骨）群——第I級 (wàicè (gōnggǔ) qún — dì I jí)
  • Central — Level II — 中央群——第II級 (zhōngyāng qún — dì II jí)
  • Apical (infraclavicular) — Level III — 尖（鎖骨下）群——第III級 (jiān (suǒgǔ xià) qún — dì III jí)
• Deltopectoral nodes — 三角胸大肌淋巴結 (sānjiǎo xiōng dàjī línbā jié)

6.4 Thorax — 胸部 (xiōngbù)

• Parasternal (internal mammary) nodes — 胸骨旁（內乳）淋巴結 (xiōnggǔ páng (nèirǔ) línbā jié)
• Intercostal nodes — 肋間淋巴結 (lèijiān línbā jié)
• Superior diaphragmatic nodes — 上膈淋巴結 (shàng gé línbā jié)
  • Prepericardial — 心包前 (xīnbāo qián)
  • Lateral pericardial — 心包外側 (xīnbāo wàicè)
• Anterior mediastinal nodes — 前縱隔淋巴結 (qián zònggé línbā jié)
• Posterior mediastinal nodes — 後縱隔淋巴結 (hòu zònggé línbā jié)
• Tracheobronchial nodes — 氣管支氣管淋巴結 (qìguǎn zhīqìguǎn línbā jié)
  • Superior tracheobronchial — 氣管支氣管上 (qìguǎn zhīqìguǎn shàng)
  • Inferior tracheobronchial (carinal/subcarinal) — 氣管支氣管下（隆突下）(qìguǎn zhīqìguǎn xià (lóngtū xià))
  • Bronchopulmonary (hilar) nodes — 支氣管肺（肺門）淋巴結 (zhīqìguǎn fèi (fèimén) línbā jié)
  • Intrapulmonary nodes — 肺內淋巴結 (fèi nèi línbā jié)

6.5 Abdomen & Pelvis — 腹部與骨盆 (fùbù yǔ gǔpén)

• Coeliac nodes — 腹腔淋巴結 (fùqiāng línbā jié)
• Superior mesenteric nodes — 腸繫膜上淋巴結 (cháng xìmó shàng línbā jié)
• Inferior mesenteric nodes — 腸繫膜下淋巴結 (cháng xìmó xià línbā jié)
• Lumbar (para-aortic) nodes — 腰（主動脈旁）淋巴結 (yāo (zhǔ dòngmài páng) línbā jié)
  • Pre-aortic — 主動脈前 (zhǔ dòngmài qián)
  • Lateral aortic — 主動脈外側 (zhǔ dòngmài wàicè)
  • Retroaortic — 主動脈後 (zhǔ dòngmài hòu)
• Common iliac nodes — 髂總淋巴結 (qià zǒng línbā jié)
• External iliac nodes — 髂外淋巴結 (qià wài línbā jié)
• Internal iliac (hypogastric) nodes — 髂內（下腹）淋巴結 (qià nèi (xiàfù) línbā jié)
• Obturator nodes — 閉孔淋巴結 (bìkǒng línbā jié)
• Sacral nodes — 骶淋巴結 (dǐ línbā jié)
• Inguinal nodes: — 腹股溝淋巴結 (fùgǔgōu línbā jié):
  • Superficial inguinal (horizontal and vertical) — 腹股溝淺（水平及垂直群）(fùgǔgōu qiǎn (shuǐpíng jí chuízhí qún))
  • Deep inguinal (node of Cloquet/Rosenmuller) — 腹股溝深（克洛凱淋巴結）(fùgǔgōu shēn (kèluòkǎi línbā jié))

6.6 Lower Limb — 下肢 (xiàzhī)

• Popliteal nodes (superficial and deep) — 膕淋巴結（淺及深）(guó línbā jié (qiǎn jí shēn))
• Anterior tibial node (inconstant) — 脛前淋巴結（不恆定）(jìng qián línbā jié (bù héngdìng))
• Inguinal nodes (see 6.5) — 腹股溝淋巴結（見6.5）(fùgǔgōu línbā jié (jiàn 6.5))

7. Immune Cell Populations — 免疫細胞群 (miǎnyì xìbāo qún)

7.1 Lymphocytes — 淋巴細胞 (línbā xìbāo)

7.1.1 T-cells — T細胞 (T xìbāo)

• CD4+ Helper T-cells — CD4+輔助T細胞 (CD4+ fǔzhù T xìbāo)
  • Th1 — 第一型輔助T細胞 (dì yī xíng fǔzhù T xìbāo)
  • Th2 — 第二型輔助T細胞 (dì èr xíng fǔzhù T xìbāo)
  • Th17 — 第十七型輔助T細胞 (dì shíqī xíng fǔzhù T xìbāo)
  • Tfh — 濾泡輔助T細胞 (lǜpào fǔzhù T xìbāo)
  • Treg — 調節T細胞 (tiáojié T xìbāo)
• CD8+ Cytotoxic T-cells — CD8+細胞毒性T細胞 (CD8+ xìbāo dúxìng T xìbāo)
• Gamma-delta (γδ) T-cells — γδ T細胞 (γδ T xìbāo)
• NKT cells — 自然殺手T細胞 (zìrán shāshǒu T xìbāo)
• MAIT cells — 黏膜相關恆定T細胞 (niánmó xiāngguān héngdìng T xìbāo)

7.1.2 B-cells — B細胞 (B xìbāo)

• Naive B-cells — 初始B細胞 (chūshǐ B xìbāo)
• Memory B-cells — 記憶B細胞 (jìyì B xìbāo)
• Plasma cells — 漿細胞 (jiāng xìbāo)
• Plasmablasts — 漿母細胞 (jiāng mǔxìbāo)
• B-1 cells — B-1細胞 (B-1 xìbāo)
• Marginal zone B-cells — 邊緣區B細胞 (biānyuánqū B xìbāo)
• Regulatory B-cells (Breg) — 調節B細胞 (tiáojié B xìbāo)

7.1.3 NK Cells — 自然殺手細胞 (zìrán shāshǒu xìbāo)

• CD56bright (cytokine-producing) — CD56亮（產細胞因子型）(CD56 liàng (chǎn xìbāo yīnzǐ xíng))
• CD56dim (cytotoxic) — CD56暗（細胞毒性型）(CD56 àn (xìbāo dúxìng xíng))

7.1.4 Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILCs) — 固有淋巴細胞 (gùyǒu línbā xìbāo)

• ILC1 — 第一組固有淋巴細胞 (dì yī zǔ gùyǒu línbā xìbāo)
• ILC2 — 第二組固有淋巴細胞 (dì èr zǔ gùyǒu línbā xìbāo)
• ILC3 — 第三組固有淋巴細胞 (dì sān zǔ gùyǒu línbā xìbāo)

7.2 Myeloid Cells in Lymphatic Tissue — 淋巴組織中的骨髓細胞 (línbā zǔzhī zhōng de gǔsuǐ xìbāo)

• Macrophages — 巨噬細胞 (jùshì xìbāo)
• Dendritic cells — 樹突細胞 (shùtū xìbāo)
  • Conventional DC1 (cDC1) — 傳統樹突細胞1型 (chuántǒng shùtū xìbāo 1 xíng)
  • Conventional DC2 (cDC2) — 傳統樹突細胞2型 (chuántǒng shùtū xìbāo 2 xíng)
  • Plasmacytoid DC (pDC) — 漿細胞樣樹突細胞 (jiāng xìbāo yàng shùtū xìbāo)
• Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) — 濾泡樹突細胞 (lǜpào shùtū xìbāo)
• Monocytes (patrolling, inflammatory) — 單核細胞（巡邏型、炎症型）(dānhé xìbāo (xúnluó xíng, yánzhèng xíng))
• Mast cells — 肥大細胞 (féidà xìbāo)

8. Specialised Lymphatic Structures — 特殊淋巴結構 (tèshū línbā jiégòu)

8.1 Lacteals — 乳糜管 (rǔmí guǎn)

• Central lacteal (intestinal villus) — 中央乳糜管（腸絨毛）(zhōngyāng rǔmí guǎn (cháng róngmáo))
• Chylomicron transport pathway — 乳糜微粒運輸途徑 (rǔmí wēilì yùnshū tújìng)

8.2 Meningeal/Glymphatic System — 腦膜／類淋巴系統 (nǎomó / lèi línbā xìtǒng)

• Meningeal lymphatic vessels (dural sinuses) — 腦膜淋巴管（硬腦膜竇）(nǎomó línbā guǎn (yìng nǎomó dòu))
• Glymphatic pathway (perivascular spaces) — 類淋巴通路（血管周圍間隙）(lèi línbā tōnglù (xuèguǎn zhōuwéi jiānxì))
• Cervical lymph node drainage of CNS antigens — 頸淋巴結引流中樞神經系統抗原 (jǐng línbā jié yǐnliú zhōngshū shénjīng xìtǒng kàngyuán)
• Cribriform plate drainage (nasal lymphatics) — 篩板引流（鼻淋巴管）(shāibǎn yǐnliú (bí línbā guǎn))

8.3 Lymphatic Valves — 淋巴瓣膜 (línbā bànmó)

• Intraluminal bicuspid valves — 管腔內雙尖瓣膜 (guǎnqiāng nèi shuāngjiān bànmó)
• Endothelial cell-derived — 內皮細胞衍生 (nèipí xìbāo yǎnshēng)
• Density increases distally — 密度向遠端遞增 (mìdù xiàng yuǎnduān dìzēng)